Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions in HIV/AIDS

3 Oct 2024 14:15 14:35
Wayne Grayson Speaker

Patients infected with HIV are 100x more susceptible to the development of adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ADRs) than the general population, with a greater risk conferred by advanced immunodeficiency. Risk factors include polypharmacy, slow acetylator status, relative glutathione deficiency, CD4 lymphopaenia, and latent CMV or EBV infection. The three major drug groups implicated are trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, antituberculous drugs and the antiretroviral agents. The broad spectrum of ADRs includes morbilliform drug eruption, erythema multiforme, urticarial drug rash, fixed drug eruption, lichenoid drug eruption, leucocytoclastic vasculitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug hypersensitivity syndrome, and others such as lipodystrophy or pigmentary abnormalities.